Adverbs from 2-1-2 Adjectives
Most 2-1-2 adjectives can be made into an adverb by adding –e to the stem, e.g. laetus (happy) becomes laete (happily).
Note that multus (much) becomes multo (by much) and bonus (good) becomes bene (better).
Adverbs from 3rd Declension Adjectives
Most 3rd Declension adjectives can be made into an adverb by adding –ter to the stem, e.g. fortis (brave) becomes fortiter (bravely).
Note that facilis (easy) becomes facile (easily) and difficilis (difficult) can become difficile, difficiliter or even difficulter (with difficulty).
Other Adverbs
There are around 40 adverbs on the Defined Vocabulary List which do not come from adjectives.
Among these is forte (by chance), which is commonly found on the language paper, and should not be confused with fortiter (bravely) or fortius (more bravely).
Adverbs from adjectives
Adverb | English | Adjective | English |
alte | deeply, on high | altus | high, deep |
audacter | boldly | audax | bold |
bene | well | bonus | good |
breviter | briefly, shortly | brevis | short, brief |
celeriter | quickly | celer | quick, fast |
clare | clearly, brightly, honourably | clarus | clear, bright, famous |
crudeliter | cruelly | crudelis | cruel |
difficile (or difficiliter or difficulter) | with difficulty | difficilis | difficult |
dire | dreadfully | dirus | dreadful |
facile | easily | facilis | easy |
feliciter | happily, luckily | felix | happy, lucky |
ferociter | fiercely, ferociously | ferox | fierce, ferocious |
fideliter | faithfully, loyally | fidelis | faithful, loyal |
fortiter | bravely | fortis | brave |
graviter | seriously, heavily | gravis | serious, heavy |
infeliciter | unhappily, unluckily | infelix | unhappy, unlucky |
irate | angrily | iratus | angry |
laete | happily | laetus | happy |
lente | slowly | lentus | slow |
longe | far off | longus | long |
male | badly | malus | evil, bad |
multo | (by) much | multus | much |
primo | at first, in the beginning | primus | first |
pulchre | beautifully | pulcher | beautiful, handsome |
saeve | savagely, cruelly | saevus | savage, cruel |
tristiter | sadly | tristis | sad |
valide | with strength, strongly | validus | strong |
Other adverbs
Adverb | English |
adeo | so much, so greatly |
antea | before |
cras | tomorrow |
deinde | then |
diu | for a long time |
etiam | also, even |
forte | by chance |
frustra | in vain |
heri | yesterday |
hodie | today |
iam | now, already |
ibi | there |
interea | meanwhile |
ita | in this way, to such an extent, so |
iterum | again |
libenter | willingly, gladly |
maxime | very greatly |
minime | very little, least, no |
mox | soon |
non | not |
numquam | never |
nunc | now |
olim | once, some time ago |
paene | almost, nearly |
postea | afterwards |
postridie | on the next day |
quam (+ superlative) | as…as possible |
quam! | how! |
saepe | often |
semper | always |
sic | thus, in this way |
simul | at the same time |
statim | at once, immediately |
subito | suddenly |
tam | so |
tamen | however |
tandem | at last, finally |
tum | then |
ubi | when |
umquam | ever |
vehementer | violently, loudly |