| a ab | + ablative | by, from | preposition |
| absum | abesse, afui | I am absent, I am away | verb irreg |
| ac, atque | | and | conj |
| accipio | -ere, accepi, acceptum | I receive, I accept | verb 3 |
| acer | acris, acre | keen, fierce | adj 3 |
| ad | + accusative | to, towards, near | preposition |
| adeo | | to such an extent, so much | adverb |
| adhuc | | still, up till now | adverb |
| adiuvo | -are, adiuvi, adiutum | I help | verb 1 |
| adsum | adesse, adfui | I am present, I am here | verb irreg |
| adulescens | adulescentis, m. or f. | young man, young woman | noun 3 |
| advenio | -ire, adveni, adventum | I reach, I arrive | verb 4 |
| aedifico | -are, aedificavi, aedificatum | I build | verb 1 |
| aeger | aegra, aegrum | ill, sick | adj 2-1-2 |
| ager | agri, m. | field | noun 2 |
| aggredior | aggredi, aggresus sum | I attack | verb dep |
| agmen | agminis, n. | column (of men) | noun 3 |
| ago | -ere, egi, actum | I do, drive, spend (time) | verb 3 |
| agricola | agricolae, m. | farmer | noun 1 |
| alii … alii | | some … others | pronoun |
| aliquis | aliqua, aliquid | someone, anyone | pronoun |
| alius | alia, alium | another, other | pronoun |
| alter | altera, alterum | the other (of two) | pronoun |
| altus | alta, altum | high, deep | adj 2-1-2 |
| ambulo | -are, ambulavi, ambulatum | I walk | verb 1 |
| amica | amicae, f. | friend (female) | noun 1 |
| amicus | amici, m. | friend (male) | noun 2 |
| amitto | -ere, amisi, amissum | I lose | verb 3 |
| amo | -are, amavi, amatum | I love | verb 1 |
| amor | amoris, m. | love | noun 3 |
| an | | or | question word |
| ancilla | ancillae, f. | slave-girl, maid | noun 1 |
| animus | animi, m. | mind, heart, feeling, spirit | noun 2 |
| annus | anni, m. | year | noun 2 |
| ante | + accusative | before, in front of | preposition |
| antea | | previously | adverb |
| appareo | -ere, apparui, apparitum | I appear | verb 2 |
| appropinquo | -are, appropinquavi, appropinquatum (+ dative) | I approach | verb 1 |
| aptus | apta, aptum | suitable, appropriate | adj 2-1-2 |
| apud | + accusative | with, among, at the house of | preposition |
| aqua | aquae, f. | water | noun 1 |
| arbor | arboris, f. | tree | noun 3 |
| arcesso | -ere, arcessivi, arcessitum | I summon, call | verb 3 |
| arma | armorum, n. pl. | arms, weapons | noun 2 |
| ars | artis, f. | art, skill | noun 3 |
| ascendo | -ere, ascendi, ascensum | I climb, I go up | verb 3 |
| atrox | atrocis | harsh, terrible | adj 3 |
| attonitus | attonita, attonitum | astonished | adj 2-1-2 |
| audax | audacis | bold | adj 3 |
| audeo | -ere, ausus sum (semi-deponent) | I dare | verb 2 |
| audio | -ire, audivi, auditum | I hear, listen | verb 4 |
| aufero | auferre, abstuli, ablatum | I take away, I steal | verb irreg |
| aut | | or | conj |
| aut … aut | | either … or | conj |
| autem | | but, however | conj |
| auxilium | auxilii, n. | help | noun 2 |
| barbarus | barbara, barbarum | barbarian | adj 2-1-2 |
| bellum | belli, n. | war | noun 2 |
| bellum gero | | I wage war | phrase |
| bene | | well | adverb |
| benignus | benigna, benignum | kind | adj 2-1-2 |
| bibo | -ere, bibi, bibitum | I drink | verb 3 |
| bonus | bona, bonum | good | adj 2-1-2 |
| brevis | breve | short | adj 3 |
| cado | -ere, cecidi, casum | I fall | verb 3 |
| caedo | -ere, cecidi, caesum | I cut, I kill | verb 3 |
| caelum | caeli, n. | sky | noun 2 |
| callidus | callida, callidum | clever, cunning | adj 2-1-2 |
| campus | campi, m. | plain | noun 2 |
| canis | canis, m. or f. | dog | noun 3 |
| capio | -ere, cepi, captum | I take, I capture | verb 3 |
| captivus | captivi, m. | prisoner | noun 2 |
| caput | capitis, n. | head | noun 3 |
| carus | cara, carum | dear | adj 2-1-2 |
| castra | castrorum, n. | camp | noun 2 |
| casus | casus, m. | event, accident, misfortune | noun 4 |
| causa | causae, f. | cause, reason | noun 1 |
| cedo | -ere, cessi, cessum | I go, I give way, I yield | verb 3 |
| celer | celeris, celere | swift, fast | adj 3 |
| celo | -are, celavi, celatum | I hide, I conceal | verb 1 |
| cena | cenae, f. | dinner | noun 1 |
| ceno | -are, cenavi, cenatum | I dine | verb 1 |
| centurio | centurionis, m. | centurion | noun 3 |
| certus | certa, certum | certain, definite | adj 2-1-2 |
| ceteri | ceterae, cetera | the rest (of) | adj 2-1-2 |
| cibus | cibi, m. | food | noun 2 |
| circum | + accusative | around | preposition |
| civis | civis, m. or f. | citizen | noun 3 |
| civitas | civitatis, f. | state, community | noun 3 |
| clamo | -are, clamavi, clamatum | I shout | verb 1 |
| clamor | clamoris, m. | shout | noun 3 |
| coepi | coepisse, coeptum | I begin, I have begun | verb irreg |
| cogito | -are, cogitavi, cogitatum | think | verb 1 |
| cognosco | -ere, cognovi, cognitum | I get to know, I find out | verb 3 |
| cogo | -ere, coegi, coactum | I compel | verb 3 |
| colligo | -ere, collegi, collectum | I collect | verb 3 |
| colloquor | colloqui, collocutus sum | I converse, I hold a conversation | verb dep |
| comes | comitis, m. or f. | companion | noun 3 |
| comparo | -are, comparavi, comparatum | I prepare, I gain, I obtain | verb 1 |
| conficio | -ere, confeci, confectum | I finish, I wear out | verb 3 |
| coniunx | coniugis, m. or f. | husband, wife | noun 3 |
| conor | conari, conatus sum | I try | verb dep |
| consilium | consilii, n. | plan, policy | noun 2 |
| consilium capio | | I think of a plan, I have an idea | phrase |
| conspicio | -ere, conspexi, conspectum | I catch sight of, I see | verb 3 |
| constituo | -ere, constitui, constitutum | I decide | verb 3 |
| consul | consulis, m. | consul | noun 3 |
| consumo | -ere, consumpsi, consumptum | I eat, I use up | verb 3 |
| contendo | -ere, contendi, contentum | I hurry, I stretch, I fight | verb 3 |
| contentus | contenta, contentum | satisfied, happy, content | adj 2-1-2 |
| contra | + accusative | against | preposition |
| convenio | -ire, conveni, conventum | I meet, I gather, I come together | verb 4 |
| copiae | copiarum, f. pl. | forces, troops | noun 1 |
| corpus | corporis, n. | body | noun 3 |
| cotidie | | every day | adverb |
| cras | | tomorrow | adverb |
| credo | -ere, credidi, creditum (+ dative) | I believe, I trust | verb 3 |
| crimen | criminis, n. | charge, accusation | noun 3 |
| crudelis | crudele | cruel | adj 3 |
| culpo | -are, culpavi, culpatum | I find fault with, I blame | verb 1 |
| cum | + indicative | when | conj |
| cum | + subjunctive | when, since, although | conj |
| cum | + ablative | with | preposition |
| cupio | -ere, cupivi, cupitum | I desire | verb 3 |
| cur? | | why? | question word |
| cura | curae, f. | care, concern | noun 1 |
| curro | -ere, cucurri, cursum | I run | verb 3 |
| custodio | -ire, custodivi, custoditum | I guard | verb 4 |
| custos | custodis, m. | guard | noun 3 |
| de | + ablative | down from, concerning | preposition |
| dea | deae, f. | goddess | noun 1 |
| debeo | -ere, debui, debitum | I owe, I ought, I have to | verb 2 |
| decipio | -ere, decepi, deceptum | I deceive | verb 3 |
| dedo | -ere, dedidi, deditum | I surrender | verb 3 |
| defendo | -ere, defendi, defensum | I defend | verb 3 |
| deinde | | then, next | adverb |
| deleo | -ere, delevi, deletum | I destroy | verb 2 |
| delibero | -are, deliberavi, deliberatum | I deliberate, I consider seriously | verb 1 |
| descendo | -ere, descendi, descensum | I descend | verb 3 |
| despero | -are, desperavi, desperatum | I give up hope, I despair | verb 1 |
| deus | dei, m. | god | noun 2 |
| dico | -ere, dixi, dictum | I say, I tell | verb 3 |
| dies | diei, m. or f. | day | noun 5 |
| difficilis | difficile | difficult | adj 3 |
| dignus | digna, dignum (+ ablative) | worthy, desrving (of) | adj 2-1-2 |
| diligens | diligentis | diligent, hard-working | adj 3 |
| diligentia | diligentiae, f. | diligence, industry, care | noun 1 |
| dirus | dira, dirum | awful, dreadful | adj 2-1-2 |
| discedo | -ere, discessi, discessum | I depart, I go away | verb 3 |
| disciplina | disciplinae, f. | training, education, discipline | noun 1 |
| disco | -ere, didici | I learn | verb 3 |
| diu | | for a long time | adverb |
| dives | divitis | rich, wealthy | adj 3 |
| do | dare, dedi, datum | I give | verb 1 |
| doceo | -ere, docui, doctum | I teach | verb 2 |
| dolor | doloris, m. | pain, grief, sorrow | noun 3 |
| domina | dominae, f. | mistress | noun 1 |
| dominus | domini, m. | master | noun 2 |
| domus | domus, f. | house | noun 4 |
| donum | doni, n. | gift | noun 2 |
| dormio | -ire, dormivi, dormitum | sleep | verb 4 |
| dubito | -are, dubitavi, dubitatum | I doubt, I hesitate | verb 1 |
| dubius | dubia, dubium | doubtful | adj 2-1-2 |
| duco | -ere, duxi, ductum | I lead | verb 3 |
| dum | + indicative | while | conj |
| durus | dura, durum | hard, harsh | adj 2-1-2 |
| dux | ducis, m. | leader, commander, guide | noun 3 |
| e, ex | + ablative | out of, from | preposition |
| ecce! | | look!, behold! | phrase |
| efficio | -ere, effeci, effectum | I bring about, I accomplish | verb 3 |
| effugio | -ere, effugi | I escape, I flee | verb 3 |
| ego | mei | I | pronoun |
| egredior | egredi, egressus sum | I go out | verb dep |
| eheu! | | oh dear!, alas! | phrase |
| emo | -ere, emi, emptum | I buy | verb 3 |
| enim | | for | conj |
| eo | | to there, thither | adverb |
| eo | ire, i(v)I, itum | I go | verb irreg |
| epistula | epistulae, f. | letter | noun 1 |
| eques | equitis, m. | cavalryman, rider; (pl. cavalry) | noun 3 |
| equus | equi, m. | horse | noun 2 |
| et | | and | conj |
| et … et | | both … and | conj |
| etiam | | even, also | adverb |
| excito | -are, excitavi, excitatum | I rouse, I stir up | verb 1 |
| exeo | exire, exii, exitum | I go out | verb irreg |
| exercitus | exercitus, m. | army | noun 4 |
| exspecto | -are, exspectavi, exspectatum | I expect, I wait for | verb 1 |
| extra | + accusative | outside, beyond | preposition |
| extremus | extrema, extremum | furthest, last | adj 2-1-2 |
| fabula | fabulae, f. | story, tale | noun 1 |
| facilis | facile | easy | adj 3 |
| facio | -ere, feci, factum | I make, I do | verb 3 |
| fallo | -ere, fefelli, falsum | I deceive, I trick | verb 3 |
| fama | famae, f. | rumour, reputation | noun 1 |
| felix | felicis | lucky, happy | adj 3 |
| femina | feminae, f. | woman | noun 1 |
| fero | ferre, tuli, latum | I carry, I bring, I bear, I endure | verb irreg |
| ferox | ferocis | fierce | adj 3 |
| fessus | fessa, fessum | tired | adj 2-1-2 |
| fidelis | fidele | faithful, loyal | adj 3 |
| fides | fidei, f. | faith, confidence, honesty | noun 5 |
| filia | filiae, f. | daughter | noun 1 |
| filius | filii, m. | son | noun 2 |
| finis | finis, m. | end | noun 3 |
| fio | fieri, factus sum | I become, I am made | verb irreg |
| flumen | fluminis, n. | river | noun 3 |
| fons | fontis, m. | spring, fountain | noun 3 |
| forma | formae, f. | form, beauty, shape | noun 1 |
| forte | | by chance | adverb |
| fortis | forte | brave | adj 3 |
| fortuna | fortunae, f. | fortune, chance, luck | noun 1 |
| forum | fori, n. | forum, market-place | noun 2 |
| frango | -ere, fregi, fractum | I break | verb 3 |
| frater | fratris, m. | brother | noun 3 |
| frustra | | in vain | adverb |
| fuga | fugae, f. | flight | noun 1 |
| fugio | -ere, fugi, fugitum | I flee, I run away | verb 3 |
| gaudeo | -ere, gavisus sum (semi-deponent) | I am happy, I rejoice | verb 2 |
| gaudium | gaudii, n. | joy | noun 2 |
| gens | gentis, f. | tribe, nation, race | noun 3 |
| gero | -ere, gessi, gestum | I do, I wear, I carry | verb 3 |
| gladiator | gladiatoris, m. | gladiator | noun 3 |
| gladius | gladii, m. | sword | noun 2 |
| gloria | gloriae, f. | glory | noun 1 |
| gratias ago | | I give thanks | phrase |
| gravis | grave | heavy, severe, important | adj 3 |
| habeo | -ere, habui, habitum | I have | verb 2 |
| habito | -are, habitavi, habitatum | I live, I reside | verb 1 |
| hasta | hastae, f. | spear | noun 1 |
| heri | | yesterday | adverb |
| hic | | here | adverb |
| hic | haec, hoc | this (he, she, it) | pronoun |
| hinc | | from here, hence | adverb |
| hodie | | today | adverb |
| homo | hominis, m. | man, person | noun 3 |
| hora | horae, f. | hour | noun 1 |
| hortor | hortari, hortatus sum | I encourage | verb dep |
| hortus | horti, m. | garden | noun 2 |
| hostis | hostis, m. | enemy | noun 3 |
| huc | | to here, hither | adverb |
| iaceo | ere, iacui, iactum | I lie (down) | verb 2 |
| iacio | -ere, ieci, iactum | I throw | verb 3 |
| iam | | now, already | adverb |
| ianua | ianuae, f. | door, entrance | noun 1 |
| ibi | | there | adverb |
| idem | eadem, idem | the same | pronoun |
| idoneus | idonea, idoneum | suitable | adj 2-1-2 |
| igitur | | therefore | conj |
| ignavus | ignava, ignavum | lazy, cowardly | adj 2-1-2 |
| ignis | ignis, m. | fire | noun 3 |
| ille | illa, illud | that (he, she, it) | pronoun |
| illuc | | to there, thither | adverb |
| imperator | imperatoris, m. | emperor, commander, general | noun 3 |
| imperium | imperii, n. | command, power, order | noun 2 |
| impero | -are, imperavi, imperatum (+ dative) | I order | verb 1 |
| impetus | impetus, m. | charge, assault, attack | noun 4 |
| in | + accusative | into, onto, against | preposition |
| in | + ablative | in, on | preposition |
| in animo habeo | | I have in mind, I intend | phrase |
| incendo | -ere, incendi, incensum | I set fire to | verb 3 |
| incipio | -ere, incepi, inceptum | I begin | verb 3 |
| inde | | from there, thence | adverb |
| infelix | infelicis | unlucky | adj 3 |
| ingens | ingentis | huge, enormous | adj 3 |
| ingredior | ingredi, ingressus sum | I enter, I go in | verb dep |
| inimicus | inimica, inimicum | hostile, unfriendly | adj 2-1-2 |
| inquit, inquam | (defective) | he says, I say | verb irreg |
| insanus | insana, insanum | mad, insane | adj 2-1-2 |
| insignis | insigne | distinguished, remarkable | adj 3 |
| insula | insulae, f. | island, block of flats | noun 1 |
| intellego | -ere, intellexi, intellectum | I understand, I realise | verb 3 |
| inter | + accusative | between, among | preposition |
| interea | | meanwhile | adverb |
| interficio | -ere, interfeci, interfectum | I kill | verb 3 |
| intra | + accusative | inside, within | preposition |
| intro | -are, intravi, intratum | I enter | verb 1 |
| invenio | -ire, inveni, inventum | I come across, I find | verb 4 |
| invideo | -ere, invidi, invisum (+ dative) | I envy, I hate | verb 2 |
| invito | -are, invitavi, invitatum | I invite | verb 1 |
| invitus | invita, invitum | reluctant, unwilling | adj 2-1-2 |
| ipse | ipsa, ipsum | self | pronoun |
| ira | irae, f. | anger | noun 1 |
| iratus | irata, iratum | angry | adj 2-1-2 |
| is | ea, id | this, that, he, she, it | pronoun |
| iste | ista, istud | that one (that man, woman, thing) | pronoun |
| ita | | so, thus | adverb |
| ita vero | | indeed, certainly | phrase |
| Italia | Italiae, f. | Italy | noun 1 |
| itaque | | and so, therefore | conj |
| iter | itineris, n. | journey, march | noun 3 |
| iterum | | again | adverb |
| iubeo | -ere, iussi, iussum | I order | verb 2 |
| iudex | iudicis, m. | judge, juror | noun 3 |
| iudico | -are, iudicavi, iudicatum | I judge | verb 1 |
| iungo | -ere, iunxi, iunctum | I join | verb 3 |
| iustus | iusta, iustum | just, right | adj 2-1-2 |
| iuvenis | iuvenis, m. | young man | noun 3 |
| labor | laboris, m. | work | noun 3 |
| labor | labi, lapsus sum | I slip, I slide, I glide | verb dep |
| laboro | -are, laboravi, laboratum | I work | verb 1 |
| lacrimo | -are, lacrimavi, lacrimatum | I weep, I cry | verb 1 |
| laetus | laeta, laetum | happy | adj 2-1-2 |
| latus | lata, latum | broad, wide | adj 2-1-2 |
| latus | lateris, n. | side | noun 3 |
| laudo | -are, laudavi, laudatum | praise | verb 1 |
| laus | laudis, f. | praise, glory | noun 3 |
| legatus | legati, m. | envoy, senior officer | noun 2 |
| legio | legionis, f. | legion | noun 3 |
| lego | -ere, legi, lectum | I read | verb 3 |
| lente | | slowly | adverb |
| lex | legis, f. | law | noun 3 |
| libenter | | gladly, willingly | adverb |
| liber | libera, liberum | free | adj 2-1-2 |
| liber | libri, m. | book | noun 2 |
| liberi | liberorum, m. pl. | children | noun 2 |
| libero | -are, liberavi, liberatum | I free | verb 1 |
| libertus | liberti, m. | freedman | noun 2 |
| licet | + subjunctive | although | phrase |
| licet | -ere, licuit, licitum | it is allowed | verb irreg |
| litus | litoris, n. | shore | noun 3 |
| locus | loci (pl. loca, n.) | place | noun 2 |
| longe | | far off | adverb |
| longus | longa, longum | long | adj 2-1-2 |
| loquor | loqui, locutus sum | I speak | verb dep |
| ludo | -ere, lusi, lusum | I play | verb 3 |
| ludus | ludi, m. | game, play, school | noun 2 |
| luna | lunae, f. | moon | noun 1 |
| lux | lucis, f. | light | noun 3 |
| magister | magistri, m. | teacher | noun 2 |
| magnopere | | very much, especially | adverb |
| magnus | magna, magnum | large, great | adj 2-1-2 |
| malo | malle, malui | I prefer | verb irreg |
| malus | mala, malum | bad | adj 2-1-2 |
| maneo | -ere, mansi, mansum | I remain, I stay | verb 2 |
| manus | manus, f. | hand, band (of men) | noun 4 |
| mare | maris, n. | sea | noun 3 |
| mater | matris, f. | mother | noun 3 |
| matrimonium | matrimonii, n. | marriage | noun 2 |
| medicus | medici, m. | doctor | noun 2 |
| medius | media, medium | middle, the middle of | adj 2-1-2 |
| memini | meminisse | I remember, I recollect | verb irreg |
| mens | mentis, f. | mind, intellect, purpose | noun 3 |
| mensa | mensae, f. | table | noun 1 |
| mercator | mercatoris, m. | merchant | noun 3 |
| metus | metus, m. | fear | noun 4 |
| meus | mea, meum | my | adj 2-1-2 |
| miles | militis, m. | soldier | noun 3 |
| mirabilis | mirabile | wonderful, amazing | adj 3 |
| miror | mirari, miratus sum | I wonder at, I admire | verb dep |
| miser | misera, miserum | wretched, unfortunate | adj 2-1-2 |
| mitto | -ere, misi, missum | send, throw, let go | verb 3 |
| modo | | just now, only | adverb |
| modus | modi, m. | way, method, measure, end, limit | noun 2 |
| moneo | -ere, monui, monitum | advise, warn | verb 2 |
| mons | montis, m. | mountain | noun 3 |
| morbus | morbi, m. | disease, illness, sickness | noun 2 |
| morior | mori, mortuus sum | I die | verb dep |
| mors | mortis, f. | death | noun 3 |
| mos | moris, m. | custom | noun 3 |
| moveo | -ere, movi, motum | I move | verb 2 |
| mox | | soon | adverb |
| multitudo | multitudinis, f. | crowd, a great number | noun 3 |
| multus | multa, multum | much, many | adj 2-1-2 |
| munio | -ire, munivi, munitum | I fortify, I protect | verb 4 |
| murus | muri, m. | wall | noun 2 |
| nam, namque | | for | conj |
| narro | -are, narravi, narratum | I tell, I relate | verb 1 |
| nascor | nasci, natus sum | I am born | verb dep |
| nauta | nautae, m. | sailor | noun 1 |
| navigo | -are, navigavi, navigatum | I sail | verb 1 |
| navis | navis, f. | ship | noun 3 |
| ne | | lest, in case, in order that … not | conj |
| -ne | | (introduces an open question) | phrase |
| nec, neque | | neither | conj |
| nec/neque … neque | | neither … nor | conj |
| necesse est | | it is necessary | phrase |
| neglego | -ere, neglexi, neglectum | I neglect | verb 3 |
| nego | -are, negavi, negatum | I deny, I say that … not | verb 1 |
| nemo | nullius, m. or f. | nobody | pronoun |
| nescio | -ire, nescivi, nescitum | I do not know | verb 4 |
| nihil | | nothing | pronoun |
| nisi | | unless, except, if … not | conj |
| nolo | nolle, nolui | I do not want, I am unwilling | verb irreg |
| nomen | nominis, n. | name | noun 3 |
| non modo … sed etiam | | not only … but also | phrase |
| nondum | | not yet | adverb |
| nonne? | | surely … ? | question word |
| nonnullus | nonnulla, nonnullum | some, several | pronoun |
| nos | | we, us | pronoun |
| noster | nostra, nostrum | our | adj 2-1-2 |
| novus | nova, novum | new | adj 2-1-2 |
| nox | noctis, f. | night | noun 3 |
| nullus | nulla, nullum | none, no | pronoun |
| num | (used in indirect questions) | whether, if | question word |
| num? | (used in direct questions) | surely … not? | question word |
| numquam | | never | adverb |
| nunc | | now | adverb |
| nuntio | -are, nuntiavi, nuntiatum | I announce | verb 1 |
| nuntius | nuntii, m. | messenger, message | noun 2 |
| nuper | | recently | adverb |
| ob | + accusative | on account of, because of | preposition |
| obliviscor | oblivisci, oblitus sum (+ genitive) | I forget, I am forgetful of | verb dep |
| occasio | occasionis, f. | opportunity | noun 3 |
| occido | -ere, occidi, occisum | I kill, I strike down | verb 3 |
| occupo | -are, occupavi, occupatum | I seize, I occupy, I attack | verb 1 |
| occurro | -ere, occurri, occursum (+ dative) | I meet, I run up to | verb 3 |
| oculus | oculi, m. | eye | noun 2 |
| odi | odisse | I hate | verb irreg |
| odium | odii, n. | hatred | noun 2 |
| offero | offerre, obtuli, oblatum | I offer, I present | verb irreg |
| olim | | once upon a time, once | adverb |
| omnis | omne | all, every | adj 3 |
| onus | oneris, n. | burden, load | noun 3 |
| oppidum | oppidi, n. | town | noun 2 |
| opprimo | -ere, oppressi, oppressum | I overwhelm, I crush | verb 3 |
| oppugno | -are, oppugnavi, oppugnatum | I attack | verb 1 |
| opus | operis, n. | work, piece of work | noun 3 |
| orno | -are, ornavi, ornatum | I adorn, I decorate, I make attractive | verb 1 |
| oro | -are, oravi, oratum | I beg, I pray | verb 1 |
| os | oris, n. | mouth, face | noun 3 |
| ostendo | -ere, ostendi, ostentum | I show, I display | verb 3 |
| otium | otii, n. | leisure | noun 2 |
| paene | | almost | adverb |
| panis | panis, m. | bread | noun 3 |
| parco | -ere, peperci, parsum (+ dative) | I spare | verb 3 |
| parens | parentis, m. or f. | parent | noun 3 |
| pareo | -ere, parui, paritum (+ dative) | I obey | verb 2 |
| paro | -are, paravi, paratum | I prepare | verb 1 |
| pars | partis, f. | part | noun 3 |
| parvus | parva, parvum | small | adj 2-1-2 |
| pater | patris, m. | father | noun 3 |
| patior | pati, passus sum | I suffer, I endure, I allow | verb dep |
| patria | patriae, f. | homeland | noun 1 |
| pauci | paucae, pauca | few, a few | adj 2-1-2 |
| paulisper | | for a short while | adverb |
| pauper | pauperis | poor, a poor person | adj 3 |
| pax | pacis, f. | peace | noun 3 |
| pecunia | pecuniae, f. | money | noun 1 |
| per | + accusative | through | preposition |
| pereo | perire, perii, peritum | I perish, I am lost, I am destroyed | verb irreg |
| periculum | periculi, n. | danger | noun 2 |
| permitto | -ere, permisi, permissum (+ dative) | I allow, I entrust | verb 3 |
| persuadeo | -ere, persuasi, persuasum (+ dative) | I persuade | verb 2 |
| perterritus | perterrita, perterritum | terrified | adj 2-1-2 |
| pervenio | -ire, perveni, perventum | I arrive | verb 4 |
| pes | pedis, m. | foot | noun 3 |
| peto | -ere, petivi, petitum | I seek, I make for, I attack | verb 3 |
| placet | | it pleases | verb irreg |
| plebs | plebis, f. | common people | noun 3 |
| plenus | plena, plenum | full | adj 2-1-2 |
| poena | poenae, f. | punishment, penalty | noun 1 |
| poenas do | | I pay the penalty | phrase |
| poeta | poetae, m. | poet | noun 1 |
| pono | -ere, posui, positum | I place, I put | verb 3 |
| pons | pontis, m. | bridge | noun 3 |
| populus | populi, m. | people | noun 2 |
| porta | portae, f. | gate | noun 1 |
| porto | -are, portavi, portatum | I carry | verb 1 |
| portus | portus, m. | port, harbour | noun 4 |
| posco | -ere, poposci | I demand, I ask | verb 3 |
| possum | posse, potui | I can, I am able | verb irreg |
| post | + accusative | after, behind | preposition |
| postea | | afterwards | adverb |
| postquam | | after, when | conj |
| postridie | | on the next day | adverb |
| potestas | potestatis, f. | power | noun 3 |
| praebeo | -ere, praebui, praebitum | I offer, I supply, I show | verb 2 |
| praeda | praedae, f. | plunder, booty, prey | noun 1 |
| praefectus | praefecti, m. | prefect, commander, chief | noun 2 |
| praemium | praemii, n. | reward | noun 2 |
| praeter | + accusative | except, apart from | preposition |
| praeterea | | moreover, furthermore | adverb |
| pretium | pretii, n. | price | noun 2 |
| primo | | first, at first | adverb |
| primum | | first, at first | adverb |
| princeps | principis, m. | chief, leader | noun 3 |
| priusquam | | before | conj |
| pro | + ablative | on behalf of | preposition |
| procedo | -ere, processi, processum | I proceed, I go forwards | verb 3 |
| procul | | in the distance, far off | adverb |
| prodo | -ere, prodidi, proditum | I betray | verb 3 |
| proelium | proelii, n. | battle | noun 2 |
| proficiscor | proficisci, profectus sum | I set out | verb dep |
| progredior | progredi, progressus sum | I advance | verb dep |
| prohibeo | -ere, prohibui, prohibitum | I prevent, I forbid | verb 2 |
| promitto | -ere, promisi, promissum | I promise | verb 3 |
| prope | | nearly, almost | adverb |
| prope | + accusative | near | preposition |
| propter | + accusative | on account of, because of | preposition |
| proximus | proxima, proximum | nearest, next | adj 2-1-2 |
| prudens | prudentis | wise, sensible | adj 3 |
| publicus | publica, publicum | public | adj 2-1-2 |
| puella | puellae, f. | girl | noun 1 |
| puer | pueri, m. | boy | noun 2 |
| pugna | pugnae, f. | battle, fight | noun 1 |
| pugno | -are, pugnavi, pugnatum | I fight | verb 1 |
| pulcher | pulchra, pulchrum | beautiful | adj 2-1-2 |
| punio | -ire, punivi, punitum | I punish | verb 4 |
| puto | -are, putavi, putatum | I think | verb 1 |
| quaero | -ere, quaesivi, quaesitum | I search, I look for, I inquire | verb 3 |
| qualis | quale | of what sort? | question word |
| quam | | than, as | adverb |
| quam | + superlative | as … as possible | adverb |
| quamquam | | although | conj |
| quamvis | + subjunctive | although | conj |
| quando? | | when? | question word |
| quantus | quanta, quantum | how large, how great? | question word |
| -que | | and | conj |
| qui | quae, quod | who, which | pronoun |
| quia | | because | conj |
| quidam | quaedam, quoddam | a (certain) | pronoun |
| quidem | | indeed | adverb |
| quis | quid | who, what? | question word |
| quisque | quaeque, quidque | each | pronoun |
| quo? | | where to? whither? | question word |
| quod | | because | conj |
| quomodo? | | how? | question word |
| quoniam | | since, because | conj |
| quoque | | also | adverb |
| quot? | | how many? | question word |
| rapio | -ere, rapui, raptum | I seize, I snatch | verb 3 |
| reddo | -ere, reddidi, redditum | I return, I give back | verb 3 |
| redeo | redire, redii, reditum | I return, I go back | verb irreg |
| refero | referre, rettuli, relatum | I bring back, I return, I tell | verb irreg |
| regina | reginae, f. | queen | noun 1 |
| regnum | regni, n. | kingdom | noun 2 |
| rego | -ere, rexi, rectum | I rule | verb 3 |
| regredior | regredi, regressus sum | I go back | verb dep |
| relinquo | -ere, reliqui, relictum | I leave behind | verb 3 |
| reliquus | reliqua, reliquum | remaining, the rest of | adj 2-1-2 |
| res | rei, f. | thing, matter (or appropriate noun) | noun 5 |
| res publica | rei publicae, f. | state, republic | noun 5 |
| resisto | -ere, restiti (+ dative) | I resist, I oppose | verb 3 |
| respondeo | -ere, respondi, responsum | I reply | verb 3 |
| responsum | responsi, n. | answer | noun 2 |
| rex | regis, m. | king | noun 3 |
| rideo | -ere, risi, risum | I laugh, I smile | verb 2 |
| ripa | ripae, f. | river bank | noun 1 |
| rogo | -are, rogavi, rogatum | ask | verb 1 |
| Roma | Romae, f. | Rome | noun 1 |
| Romanus | Romana, Romanum | Roman | adj 2-1-2 |
| Romanus | Romani, m. | a Roman | noun 2 |
| rus | ruris, n. | country, countryside | noun 3 |
| sacer | sacra, sacrum | holy | adj 2-1-2 |
| saepe | | often | adverb |
| saevus | saeva, saevum | savage, fierce | adj 2-1-2 |
| sagitta | sagittae, f. | arrow | noun 1 |
| salus | salutis, f. | safety | noun 3 |
| saluto | -are, salutavi, salutatum | greet | verb 1 |
| salve! | salvete! | hello! | verb irreg |
| sanguis | sanguinis, m. | blood | noun 3 |
| sapiens | sapientis | wise | adj 3 |
| sapientia | sapientiae, f. | wisdom | noun 1 |
| satis | | enough | adverb |
| saxum | saxi, n. | rock | noun 2 |
| scelestus | scelesta, scelestum | wicked | adj 2-1-2 |
| scilicet | | obviously, clearly | adverb |
| scio | -ire, scivi, scitum | I know | verb 4 |
| scribo | -ere, scripsi, scriptum | I write | verb 3 |
| se | | himself, herself, itself, themselves | pronoun |
| se recipio | | I retreat, I withdraw | phrase |
| sed | | but | conj |
| sedeo | -ere, sedi, sessum | I sit | verb 2 |
| semper | | always | adverb |
| senator | senatoris, m. | senator | noun 3 |
| senex | senis, m. | old man | noun 3 |
| sentio | -ire, sensi, sensum | I feel, I notice | verb 4 |
| sequor | sequi, secutus sum | I follow | verb dep |
| sermo | sermonis, m. | conversation, discussion, speech | noun 3 |
| servo | -are, servavi, servatum | I save, I keep | verb 1 |
| servus | servi, m. | slave | noun 2 |
| si | | if | conj |
| sic | | so, thus | adverb |
| sicut | sicuti | just, as, like | adverb |
| signum | signi, n. | sign, signal, standard | noun 2 |
| silva | silvae, f. | wood | noun 1 |
| similis | simile | like, similar | adj 3 |
| simul | | at the same time | adverb |
| simulac | simulatque | as soon as | conj |
| simulo | -are, simulavi, simulatum | I pretend | verb 1 |
| sine | + ablative | without | preposition |
| sino | -ere, sivi, situm | I allow | verb 3 |
| socius | socii, m. | ally, friend, companion | noun 2 |
| sol | solis, m. | sun | noun 3 |
| soleo | -ere, solitus sum (semi-deponent) | I am accustomed | verb 2 |
| solus | sola, solum | alone, only | adj 2-1-2 |
| somnus | somni, m. | sleep | noun 2 |
| soror | sororis, f. | sister | noun 3 |
| spectaculum | spectaculi, n. | spectacle, show | noun 2 |
| specto | -are, spectavi, spectatum | I look at, I watch | verb 1 |
| spero | -are, speravi, speratum | I hope, I expect | verb 1 |
| spes | spei, f. | hope | noun 5 |
| statim | | at once, immediately | adverb |
| stilus | stili, m. | stylus, pen | noun 2 |
| sto | -are, steti, statum | I stand | verb 1 |
| stola | stolae, f. | dress | noun 1 |
| studium | studii, n. | enthusiasm, eagerness, study | noun 2 |
| stultus | stulta, stultum | stupid | adj 2-1-2 |
| sub | + ablative or accusative | under, up to, just before | preposition |
| subito | | suddenly | adverb |
| subitus | subita, subitum | sudden | adj 2-1-2 |
| sum | esse, fui | I am | verb irreg |
| summus | summa, summum | highest, greatest | adj 2-1-2 |
| sumo | -ere, sumpsi, sumptum | I take, I put on | verb 3 |
| super | + ablative or accusative | above, upon, on top of | preposition |
| superbus | superba, superbum | proud | adj 2-1-2 |
| supero | -are, superavi, superatum | overpower | verb 1 |
| surgo | -ere, surrexi, surrectum | I lift, I raise up | verb 3 |
| suscipio | -ere, suscepi, susceptum | I take up, I undertake | verb 3 |
| sustineo | -ere, sustinui, sustentum | I support, I withstand | verb 2 |
| suus | sua, suum | his, her, its, their | adj 2-1-2 |
| taberna | tabernae, f. | inn, tavern, shop | noun 1 |
| taceo | -ere, tacui, tacitum | I am silent | verb 2 |
| talis | tale | such, of such a kind | adj 3 |
| tam | | so | adverb |
| tamen | | however, yet | adverb |
| tandem | | at last, finally | adverb |
| tango | -ere, tetigi, tactum | I touch | verb 3 |
| tantus | tanta, tantum | so large, so great | adj 2-1-2 |
| tego | -ere, texi, tectum | I cover | verb 3 |
| telum | teli, n. | weapon, missile | noun 2 |
| tempestas | tempestatis, f. | storm, season, weather | noun 3 |
| templum | templi, n. | temple | noun 2 |
| tempus | temporis, n. | time | noun 3 |
| teneo | -ere, tenui, tentum | I hold | verb 2 |
| terra | terrae, f. | earth, land | noun 1 |
| terreo | -ere, terrui, territum | I frighten, I terrify | verb 2 |
| timeo | -ere, timui | I fear, I am afraid | verb 2 |
| timor | timoris, m. | fear, fright | noun 3 |
| toga | togae, f. | toga | noun 1 |
| tollo | -ere, sustuli, sublatum | I lift, I raise | verb irreg |
| tot | | so many | adverb |
| totus | tota, totum | all, the whole of | adj 2-1-2 |
| trado | -ere, tradidi, traditum | I hand over | verb 3 |
| traho | -ere, traxi, tractum | I pull, I drag | verb 3 |
| trans | + accusative | across | preposition |
| tristis | triste | sad, mournful, gloomy | adj 3 |
| tu | | you (s.) | pronoun |
| tum | | then | adverb |
| tunica | tunicae, f. | tunic | noun 1 |
| turba | turbae, f. | crowd, disturbance | noun 1 |
| tutus | tuta, tutum | safe | adj 2-1-2 |
| tuus | tua, tuum | your (s.) | adj 2-1-2 |
| ubi | | when | conj |
| ubi? | | where? | question word |
| ubique | | everywhere | adverb |
| ullus | ulla, ullum | any | adj 2-1-2 |
| umquam | | ever | adverb |
| unde? | | from where? whence? | question word |
| urbs | urbis, f. | city | noun 3 |
| ut | | in order that, so that | conj |
| uter | utra, utrum | which (of two) | adj 2-1-2 |
| utilis | utile | useful | adj 3 |
| utor | uti, usus sum (+ ablative) | I use | verb dep |
| utrum … an | | whether … or | question word |
| uxor | uxoris, f. | wife | noun 3 |
| valde | | very | adverb |
| vale! | valete! | goodbye! farewell! | verb irreg |
| vallum | valli, n. | rampart | noun 2 |
| vehementer | | violently | adverb |
| veho | -ere, vexi, vectum | I carry, I convey | verb 3 |
| vendo | -ere, vendidi, venditum | I sell | verb 3 |
| venenum | veneni, n. | poison | noun 2 |
| venio | -ire, veni, ventum | I come | verb 4 |
| ventus | venti, m. | wind | noun 2 |
| verbum | verbi, n. | word | noun 2 |
| vereor | vereri, veritus sum | I fear | verb dep |
| vero | | in fact, indeed, truly | adverb |
| verto | -ere, verti, versum | I turn | verb 3 |
| verus | vera, verum | true | adj 2-1-2 |
| vester | vestra, vestrum | your (pl.) | adj 2-1-2 |
| vestimentum | vestimenti, n. | garment, clothes | noun 2 |
| veto | -are, vetui, vetitum | I forbid, I order ... not to | verb 1 |
| vetus | veteris | old | adj 3 |
| via | viae, f. | street, road | noun 1 |
| video | -ere, vidi, visum | I see | verb 2 |
| videor | videri, visus sum | I seem | verb dep |
| villa | villae, f. | house, farm, villa | noun 1 |
| vinco | -ere, vici, victum | I conquer, I defeat, I win | verb 3 |
| vinum | vini, n. | wine | noun 2 |
| vir | viri, m. | man, husband | noun 2 |
| virgo | virginis, f. | girl, maiden | noun 3 |
| virtus | virtutis, f. | manliness, courage, virtue | noun 3 |
| vis | vis, f. (pl. vires) | force (pl. strength) | noun 3 |
| vita | vitae, f. | life | noun 1 |
| vitupero | -are, vituperavi, vituperatum | I curse, I blame | verb 1 |
| vivo | -ere, vixi, victum | I live | verb 3 |
| vivus | viva, vivum | alive, living | adj 2-1-2 |
| vix | | hardly, scarcely | adverb |
| voco | -are, vocavi, vocatum | I call | verb 1 |
| volo | velle, volui | I want, I wish, I am willing | verb irreg |
| vos | | you (pl.) | pronoun |
| vox | vocis, f. | voice | noun 3 |
| vulnero | -are, vulneravi, vulneratum | I wound | verb 1 |
| vulnus | vulneris, n. | wound | noun 3 |
| vultus | vultus, m. | face, expression | noun 4 |
